in order to maintain the stability of container freight rates, avoid shipping costs change lead to fluctuations in the price of container liner transport continues to follow the form of liner shipping rates, the rate of base rate plus attached. However both the basic rates and the additional rates, in the form of more concise than liner. Basic rates included in the form of uniform rate (FAK), case rates (CBR).

as with regular liner shipping, international container shipping freight in addition to charge the basic freight, plus an additional fee. Additional fees and projects, depending on the airline and cargo and has different requirements. Container shipping surcharges typically includes the following forms: port congestion surcharge, change of destination surcharge, surcharges, fuel surcharges, select port of discharge devaluation surcharge. This article uses three main types of shipping companies usually surcharges for a system account.

1. port congestion surcharge (THC).

port congestion surcharge, also known as shipping congestion surcharge (THC), is destined for the port of discharge of cargo from ships crowding the parking time to extend the temporary imposition of surcharge. This additional fee according to a certain amount charged and must be charged as a percentage of the freight of the two species. Port ships crowding occurs mostly in developing countries, mainly because of the poor equipment, imported planned is not strong, political instability, strikes, slowdowns, low motivation reasons. As far as the increase of freight, General of the Maritime Association announced implementation of a certain notice periods, but if the ship congestion caused by chance, also according to the Association of contingency provisions (CONTINGENCy CLAUSE) of, carried out in the absence of notice to levy. But in the United States the shipping industry, the Federal Maritime Board (FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION) provides that even in this case, you need at least a one-month notice period.

2. fuel surcharge (BAF).

General is forced to or higher than the General level of prices more expensive than ordinary fuel when prices to supply fuel (for example, because high oil prices of the entry relative to the system for oil, or due to unexpected developments like the last oil shock and prices), usually to pass on to each ton of cargo or oil price and the difference to basic rates of assessment.

This additional fee is calculated, first operated on a normal price a voyage when the total fuel cost and according to the difference of total fuel costs find out prices, divided by the ship load capacity, calculate each DWTs should pay the difference. Or, it is out of the rising proportion of higher than usual prices, and basic rates in addition to it, you can find the base rate plus a percentage.

3. currency devaluation surcharge (CAF).

because the airline usually involves the use of two or more countries with different currencies, so its freight rates shall be in a more stable currency, is in most cases based on the dollar. Although settled in certain exchange rates with the dollar and other major currencies will not have any problems, but if in the case of less than the stability of the major currencies, associations governed by more than two currency exchange will change.

such as the Japanese yen and US $ 1 = 360 era, when the devaluation of the dollar has in fact to 1 United States dollar = 308 Yen when Japanese yen or US $ 1 = 276, shipping companies from consignors to collect dollars after converted into yen, Japanese yen per dollar respectively, in the amount of freight being 52 or 84 Yen exchange rate difference loss. Fee charged to compensate for this loss of balance, the so-called currency surcharges. Effect of modest changes in monetary or member shipping companies did not make this into other currency (at this time there was no difference between the losses), also have considered just in basic rates increase a certain percentage to charge this surcharge.

, now in Japan as the center of many associations, devaluation of the currency surcharge based on the owner's consent, there has been a certain formula, according to calculate this formula automatically attach rates. In addition, relative to major currencies other currencies, in the context of its currency devaluation, also have a negative currency surcharges.

addition to the surcharge in addition to the above, additional fees charged to other relevant provisions and additional fees charged under the same general liner. These additional fees include: port complex or there are special circumstances the PORT port surcharge of ADDITIONAL; due to factors such as the war, the Canal closed forcing ships bypass navigation surcharge increase deviation DEVIATION SURCHARGE. In addition, valuable goods, requiring the ship to bear if the shipper when you exceed the limits of liability specified on the Bill of lading, ship to increase ADDITIONAL excess liability surcharge FOR EXCESS OF LIABILITY.

it should be noted that is, with the contradictions of the world containership fleet capacity is greater than the volume of supply demand has become increasingly prominent, pin price competition in container shipping market trends increasingly spread, therefore, most shipping companies to reduce the surcharge levied types, many surcharges into the tariff, for the owner to provide a lower lump sum price. This area began to attract cargo resource purposes, but also to simplify the freight settlement procedure.